NJSA 39:3-67
39:3-67.  Brake equipment required
    Every motorcycle when operated upon a highway shall be equipped with at least one brake adequate to control the movement of and to stop such vehicle.

    Every motor vehicle, except a motorcycle and except a motor-drawn vehicle, shall be equipped with brakes adequate to control the movement of and to stop and to hold such vehicle, including 2 separate means of applying the brakes. If these 2 separate means of applying the brakes are connected in any way, they shall be so constructed that failure of any one part of the operating mechanism shall not leave the vehicle without brakes adequate to stop and to hold such vehicle.  One of these means of applying the brakes shall be so constructed that it can be set to hold the vehicle, or any combination of which  it forms a part, stationary on any up or down grade upon which it is operated,  whether the vehicle or combination is empty or loaded.

    Every combination of motor vehicles shall be equipped with brakes upon one or more of such motor vehicles, adequate to stop and to hold such combination of motor vehicles.  Every motor vehicle, except a motor cycle, manufactured on or after July 1, 1938 when used on a highway shall be equipped with brakes on all wheels, except the front wheels of a 3-axle truck tractor and except any trailer or semitrailer of a gross weight not exceeding 3,000 pounds; provided,  however, that the gross weight of any such trailer without brakes shall not  exceed 40% of the gross weight of the towing vehicle, and that the gross weight  of any such semitrailer without brakes shall not exceed 40% of the gross weight  of the towing vehicle when the vehicles are connected.  All brakes on a  combination of vehicles shall be controlled by the driver thereof.

    Every trailer and semitrailer, required to be equipped with brakes, shall be  equipped with brakes of such a character as to be automatically applied upon  break-away from the towing vehicle, and means shall be provided to stop and  hold such vehicle for an adequate period of time.

    In any combination of motor vehicles, means shall be provided for applying the trailer or semitrailer brakes, of any trailer or semitrailer equipped with brakes, in approximate synchronism with the brakes on the towing vehicle and developing the required braking effort on the wheels of the rearmost vehicle at  the fastest rate;  or means shall be provided for applying braking effort first  on the rearmost vehicle equipped with brakes; or both of the above means  capable of being used alternatively may be employed.

    No person shall drive, move, park or be in custody of on any highway any motor vehicle not equipped as herein required.

     Amended by L.1962, c. 153, s. 1, eff. Aug. 7, 1962.
 
NJSA 39:3-68
39:3-68.     Brake performance
    Every motor vehicle or combination of motor vehicles, according to its type,  shall be capable at all times and under all conditions of loading, of stopping  on a dry, smooth, level pavement of approximately .6 co-efficient of friction  and free from loose material, upon application of the service (foot) brake,  within the distances specified below, or shall be capable of decelerating at a sustained rate corresponding to these distances:

                                                 Approximate deceleration

                               Feet to stop from      in feet per second

                             twenty miles per hour        per second

  

Vehicles or combination

     of vehicles having

     brakes on all

     wheels .....                      30                     14

  

Vehicles or combinations

     of vehicles not having

     brakes on all wheels .....        45                     9.5

  

   The stopping ability, or decelerating capacity, of a motor vehicle or combination of motor vehicles shall be determined by an approved instrument or an approved machine capable of being read in feet to stop from a speed of twenty miles per hour, deceleration in feet per second per second or other equivalent units.

   Agricultural machinery and implements, road machinery, road rollers, traction engines and farm tractors when used upon any highway shall have means adequate to control the movement of and to stop and to hold such machines on any up or down grade upon which they may be operated.

   No person shall hereafter drive, move or be in custody of any motor vehicle  or combination of motor vehicles unless such vehicle or combination is capable  of being controlled, stopped and held as provided for herein.
 
NJSA 39:3-68.1
39:3-68.1.   Definitions
     As used in this act:

    a.   "Towing vehicle" means a road tractor or truck tractor.

    b.   "Towed vehicle" means a motor-drawn vehicle, pole trailer, semitrailer or trailer.

    L. 1987, c. 402, s. 1.
 
NJSA 39:3-68.2
39:3-68.2.   Emergency stopping system
     Every vehicle or combination of vehicles using compressed air at the wheels for applying the service brakes shall be equipped with an emergency stopping system meeting the requirements of this section and capable of stopping the vehicle or combination of vehicles in the event of failure in the service brake air system as follows:

    a.   Towing vehicles which use compressed air at the wheels for applying the service brakes shall be equipped with a device with an automatic means of actuating an emergency stopping system on the towed vehicle.  The device shall operate automatically in the event of a reduction of the service air brake supply of the towing vehicle to a fixed pressure which shall not be lower than 20 pounds per square inch nor higher than 45 pounds per square inch.

    b.   Towed vehicles shall be deemed to be in compliance with this section when:

    (1)  The towed vehicle is equipped with a no-bleed-back relay-emergency valve or equivalent device, so designed that the supply reservoir used to provide air for the brakes is safeguarded against backflow of air from the reservoir through the supply line; and

    (2)  The combination of vehicles is capable of stopping within the distance and under the conditions specified in subsections g. and h. of this section.

    c.   If the service brake system and the emergency stopping system are connected in any way, they shall be so constructed that a failure or malfunction in any one part of either system, including brake chamber diaphragm failure but not including failure in the drums, brakeshoes, or other mechanical parts of the wheel brake assemblies, shall not leave the vehicle without one operative stopping system capable of complying with the performance requirements in subsection g. of this section.

    d.   No vehicle or combination of vehicles upon failure of the service brake air system shall be driven on a highway under its own power except to the extent necessary to move the vehicles off the roadway to the nearest place of safety.

    e.   No vehicle or combination of vehicles shall be equipped with an emergency stopping system that creates a hazard on the highway, or increases the service brake stopping distance of a vehicle or combination of vehicles, or interferes in any way with the application of the service brakes on any vehicle or combination of vehicles.

    f.   Any energy-storing device which is a part of the emergency stopping system shall be designed so that it is recharged or reset from the source of compressed air or other energy produced by the vehicle, except that energy to release the emergency stopping system may be produced by the driver's muscular effort from the driver's seat.  No device shall be used which can be set to prevent automatic delivery of air to protected air supply reservoirs of motor vehicle emergency stopping systems when air is available in the service brake air supply system.

    g.   Every motor vehicle or combination of vehicles, at all times and under all conditions of loading, upon application of the emergency stopping system, shall be capable of stopping from a speed of 20 miles per hour in not more than the distance tabulated herein for its classification, this distance to be measured from the point at which movement of the emergency stopping system control begins.

                 EMERGENCY STOPPING SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS

      Classification of vehicle                     Stopping Distance
      and combination of vehicles                             In Feet

A.    Passenger-carrying vehicles.

   (1) Vehicles with a seating capacity
       of 10 persons or less, including
       driver, and built on a passenger
       car chassis ...............                        54

   (2) Vehicles with a seating capacity
       of more than 10 persons, includ-
       ing driver, and built on a passenger
       car chassis; vehicles built
       on a truck or bus chassis and
       having a manufacturer's Gross
       Vehicle Weight Rating of 10,000
       pounds or less ..............                      66

   (3) All other passenger-carrying vehicles .......      85

B.    Property-carrying vehicles.
(1) Single unit vehicles having a
       manufacturer's Gross Vehicle
       Weight Rating of 10,000 pounds
       or less ........                                   66

   (2) Single unit vehicles having a
       manufacturer's Gross Vehicle
       Weight Rating of more than
       10,000 pounds, except truck trac-
       tors.  Combinations of a 2-axle
       towing vehicle and trailer hav-
       ing a Gross Vehicle Weight
       Rating of 3,000 pounds or less.
       All combinations of 2 or less
       vehicles in driveaway or towaway
       operation ...............                          85

   (3) All other property-carrying vehicles
 and combination of property-
 carrying vehicles .............               90

      h.   Tests of deceleration and stopping distance shall be made on a substantially level dry, smooth, hard surface that is free from loose material and where the grade does not exceed plus or minus 1%.  No test of emergency stopping system performance shall be made upon a highway at a speed in excess of 25 miles per hour.

    i.   The provisions of this section shall not apply to:

    (1)  Auxiliary dollies, special mobile equipment, or special construction equipment; or

    (2)  Disabled vehicles when being towed.

    j.   Every owner or lessee shall instruct and require that the driver be thoroughly familiar with the requirements of this section.

    The driver of a vehicle or combination of vehicles required to comply with the requirements of this section shall be able to demonstrate the application and release of the emergency system on the vehicle and each vehicle in combination.

    L. 1987, c. 402, s. 2.

NJSA 39:3-69
39:3-69   Horns and audible warning devices.

 39:3-69.  Every motor vehicle except a motor-drawn vehicle when operated upon a highway shall be equipped with a horn in good working order and capable of emitting sound audible under normal conditions from a distance of not less than 200 feet, but no horn or other warning device shall emit an unreasonably loud or harsh sound or a whistle. The driver of a motor vehicle shall, when reasonably necessary to insure safe operation, give audible warning with his horn but shall not otherwise use such horn when upon a highway.

 No vehicle shall be equipped with nor shall any person use upon a vehicle any siren, whistle or bell except as otherwise permitted in this section.  It is permissible but not required that any vehicle be equipped with a theft alarm signal device which is so arranged that it cannot be used by the driver as an ordinary warning signal.  Any emergency vehicle authorized by the commission may be equipped with a siren, whistle, or bell capable of emitting sound audible under normal conditions from a distance of not less than 500 feet and of a type approved by the commission, but such siren, whistle or bell shall not be used except when such vehicle is operated in response to an emergency call or in the immediate pursuit of an actual or suspected violator of the law, in which said latter events the driver of such vehicle shall sound said siren, whistle or bell when necessary to warn pedestrians and other drivers of the approach thereof.

 No person shall install or use on the exhaust system of any motor vehicle any device which emits an audible sound unless authorized to do so by the commission.

 No bicycle shall be equipped with nor shall any person use upon a bicycle any siren or whistle.

 The commission is hereby authorized in its discretion to promulgate standards concerning the audibility of audible warning devices.

 Amended 1968, c.97; 2003, c.13, s.45.
 
NJSA 39:3-70
39:3-70.  Mufflers
    Every motor vehicle having a combustion motor shall at all times be equipped  with a muffler in good working order and in constant operation to prevent  excessive or unusual noise and annoying smoke, and no person shall use a  muffler cut-out, bypass or similar device upon a motor vehicle on a highway.
 
NJSA 39:3-70.1
39:3-70.1.  Air pollution control;  tests
   Any motor vehicle which is subject to inspection by the Division of Motor Vehicles or any other duly authorized body shall, as a condition of compliance with said inspection, pass such tests as may be required to demonstrate that the motor vehicle complies with any standards and requirements for the control of air contaminants established by the Air Pollution Control Commission which are applicable to such motor vehicle.

     L.1966, c. 15, s. 1, eff. April 7, 1966.
 
NJSA 39:3-70.2
39:3-70.2   Air pollution; penalty.

 2. Any person who operates a motor vehicle or owns a motor vehicle, other than a school bus, which the person permits to idle in violation of rules and regulations, or to be operated upon the public highways of the State when the motor vehicle is emitting smoke and other air contaminants in excess of standards adopted by the Department of Environmental Protection pursuant to the "Air Pollution Control Act (1954)," P.L.1954, c.212 (C.26:2C-1 et seq.) shall be liable to a penalty of not less than $250 nor more than $1,000 per day, per vehicle, which shall be enforced in accordance with the provisions of chapter 5 of Title 39 of the Revised Statutes and P.L.2005, c.219 (C.26:2C-8.26 et al.).

 The owner of any school bus that is operated or is permitted to idle in violation of rules and regulations adopted pursuant to the Department of Environmental Protection pursuant to the "Air Pollution Control Act (1954)," P.L.1954, c.212 (C.26:2C-1 et seq.) or any applicable rules and regulations adopted pursuant to P.L.2005, c.219 (C.26:2C-8.26 et al.) shall be liable for a penalty of not less than $250 nor more than $1,000 per day, per vehicle, which shall be enforced in accordance with the provisions of chapter 5 of Title 39 of the Revised Statutes, except that no penalty may be assessed against any driver of a school bus who is not the owner of the school bus.

 The provisions of this section shall not apply to a motor vehicle idling in traffic, or a motor vehicle other than a school bus idling in a queue of motor vehicles, that are intermittently motionless and moving because the progress of the motor vehicles in the traffic or the queue has been stopped or slowed by the congestion of traffic on the roadway or other conditions over which the driver of the idling motor vehicle has no control.

 L.1966,c.15,s.2; amended 2005, c.219, s.33.
 
NJSA 39:3-71
39:3-71.  Mirrors
    Every motor vehicle shall have rear view mirrors so located and angled as to  give the driver adequate rear view vision.  Every passenger automobile manufactured after January 1, 1965 and registered in this State, shall be equipped with an interior mirror and an exterior mirror on the driver's side. On and after January 1, 1965, every commercial motor vehicle registered in this State, other than a trailer or semitrailer, shall be equipped with an interior mirror and an exterior mirror on the driver's side, except that every such vehicle so constructed or loaded as to obstruct or obscure a rear view from an interior mirror shall, in lieu of an interior mirror, be equipped with an exterior mirror on the side of the vehicle opposite the driver's side.  The director may by regulation establish other mirror requirements for special or unusual types of vehicles.  Any person operating a motor vehicle without the equipment prescribed by this section shall, on conviction, be fined as provided  in Revised Statutes 39:3-79.

     Amended by L.1964, c. 119, s. 1.

NJSA 39:3-71.1
39:3-71.1   Electronic rear back-up monitoring device, crossview mirror required on certain commercial delivery vehicles.
 1.  a.  Every delivery van or truck registered in this State with a cube-style, walk-in cargo box up to 18 feet long that is used in the commercial delivery of goods and services shall be equipped with either an electronic rear backup monitoring device or a rear crossview mirror located at the top left rear corner of the cargo box.  The mirror shall be convex and located to reflect to the vehicle operator an unobstructed, overall view of the lower six feet of the entire rear width of the van or truck body.

 b. The director may adopt regulations pursuant to the "Administrative Procedure Act," P.L.1968, c.410 (C.52:14B-1 et seq.) necessary to implement the provisions of this act.

 L.2002,c.131,s.1.
 
NJSA 39:3-72
39:3-72.  Tire equipment
    No person shall drive or move any motor vehicle equipped with solid rubber tires unless every such tire shall have rubber on its entire traction surface at least one inch thick above the edge of the flange of the entire periphery. No person shall drive or move any motor vehicle or trailer upon the public highways, unless such motor vehicle or trailer is equipped with tires in safe operating condition in accordance with requirements approved by the director.

    The director shall promulgate rules of safe operating condition capable of being employed by a law enforcement officer for visual inspection of tires mounted on vehicles including visual comparison with simple measuring gauges. Said requirements shall encompass effects of tread wear and depth of tread.  A tire shall be considered unsafe if it has:  (1) any ply or cord exposed;  or (2) any bump, bulge or knot affecting tire structure;  or (3) any break repaired with boot or patch;  or (4) worn so that the tread wear indicators contact the road in any two adjacent major grooves at three locations spaced approximately equally around the outside of the tire. Nothing herein shall apply to farm vehicles registered under section 39:3-24 of this Title.

    Any law enforcement officer, at any time, upon reasonable cause to believe that a vehicle is unsafe or equipped with tires in violation of the provisions of this section or of the rules promulgated hereunder, may require the operator  of such vehicle to stop and submit such vehicle to an inspection. If the  inspection discloses the vehicle to be in violation, the officer may issue a  summons for such violation.

     Amended by L.1970, c. 129, s. 1, eff. July 8, 1970.
 
NJSA 39:3-73
39:3-73.  Tire-chains
    Motor vehicle tires may be fitted with tire-chains of reasonable proportions  when roads, streets and highways are slippery, because of rain, snow, ice, oil,  manner of construction or other reason;  provided, however, that no tire-chains  shall be used at any time on improved highways when highway conditions do not  make such use necessary for the safety of life or property.  No person shall  use any tire-chains so constructed or installed as to be likely to be thrown so  as to endanger any person or property.
 
NJSA 39:3-74
39:3-74.  Windshields must be unobstructed and equipped with cleaners
   Every motor vehicle having a windshield shall be equipped with at least one  device in good working order for cleaning rain, snow or other moisture from the  windshield so as to provide clear vision for the driver, and all such devices  shall be so constructed and installed as to be operated or controlled by the  driver.

    No person shall drive any motor vehicle with any sign, poster, sticker or other non-transparent material upon the front windshield, wings, deflectors, side shields, corner lights adjoining windshield or front side windows of such vehicle other than a certificate or other article required to be so displayed by statute or by regulations of the commissioner.

    No person shall drive any vehicle so constructed, equipped or loaded as to unduly interfere with the driver's vision to the front and to the sides.
 
NJSA 39:3-75
39:3-75.  Safety glass
    The term  "safety glass"  shall be construed as meaning glass so treated or  combined with other materials as to reduce, in comparison with ordinary sheet  glass or plate glass, the likelihood of injury to persons by objects from  exterior sources or by glass when the glass is cracked or broken.  The term   "safety glazing material"  shall be construed as meaning  "safety glass" ;  or  other glazing materials, such as plastics, produced for the purpose of safety  in glazing;  or a combination of safety glass and other safety glazing  material.  The term  "approved safety glazing material" shall be construed as  meaning safety glazing material of a type approved by the director.  In the  approving of safety glazing materials, the director is hereby given authority  to make use of recognized standards to confine the use of certain types of  safety glazing materials to a specific location in or on the vehicle, or to a  certain purpose.

    No person shall drive any motor vehicle manufactured on or after July first,  nineteen hundred and thirty-five and registered in this State unless such  vehicle is equipped with approved safety glazing material wherever glazing is  used in doors, windows and windshields.  The term  "windshield" shall be  construed to include wings, deflectors and side shields;  also front corner  lights adjoining windshields.

    Every section of safety glazing material shall be legibly and permanently marked with the manufacturers' distinctive designations, under which the safety  glazing material was approved, so as to be visible when installed.

    No person shall drive any motor vehicle equipped with safety glazing material which causes undue or unsafe distortion of visibility or equipped with  unduly fractured, discolored or deteriorated safety glazing material, and the  director may revoke the registration of any such vehicle.

     Amended by L.1949, c. 258, p. 823, s. 1.
 
NJSA 39:3-75.1
39:3-75.1.  Certain tinting materials on windshields, windows of motor vehicles, permitted for medical reasons
 1. Notwithstanding the provisions of any other law to the contrary, the owner or lessee of a motor vehicle that is driven by or is used to regularly transport a person who has a medical condition involving ophthalmic or dermatologic photosensitivity may apply to the director for permission to have the windshield and windows of that vehicle covered by or treated with a product or material that increases its light reflectance or reduces its light transmittance.

 The application shall be in a form and manner prescribed by the director and shall include, but not be limited to, a written certification by a certified ophthalmologist or a physician with a plenary license to practice medicine and surgery in this State or a bordering state that the person for whom the application is submitted has a medical condition involving ophthalmic or dermatologic photosensitivity.  For the purposes of this act, medical conditions involving ophthalmic or dermatologic photosensitivity shall include:

 a. polymorphous light eruption;

 b. persistent light reactivity;

 c. actinic reticuloid;

 d. porphyrins;

 e. solar urticaria;

 f. lupus erythematosus; and

 g. such other photosensitive disorders or conditions as the director shall determine.

 L.1999,c.308,s.1.
 
NJSA 39A:3-75.2
39A:3-75.2.  Rules, regulations
 2. The director, pursuant to the "Administrative Procedure Act," P.L.1968, c.410 (C.52:14B-1 et seq.), shall promulgate rules and regulations to effectuate the purposes of this act.  The rules and regulations shall include, but shall not be limited to:

 a. Standards and specifications governing the types of materials and products that may be applied to a motor vehicle windshield and windows under this act.  These standards and specifications shall include the color of the materials or products, the maximum allowable percentage of total light reflectance of the materials or products, the maximum allowable percentage of the light transmittance and ultraviolet transmittance of the materials or products, and such other matters as the director shall deem appropriate and necessary.  In establishing the standards and specifications, the director shall consider, to the greatest extent possible, the safety of law enforcement officers, who during the performance of their duties may find it necessary to inspect or otherwise observe the interior of a motor vehicle having a windshield and windows to which an approved material or product is applied.

 b. The issuance of a certificate or card to each approved applicant authorizing the approved covering or treatment.  The certificate or card shall be valid for a period of not more than 48 months and shall be exhibited to any law enforcement officer, when so requested, and to a designated motor vehicle examiner whenever the motor vehicle is inspected.

 c. Standards and specifications governing the installation and application of approved materials and products, including the affixation of an appropriate label, in a manner and form prescribed by the director, on each windshield and window to which an approved material or product is applied.  The label may identify the name and the location of the installer and the name of the manufacturer of the material or product applied.

 d. The registration of persons in the business of installing or applying approved materials and products, including the establishment of a fee to cover the costs of that registration.

 L.1999,c.308,s.2.